Empirical Analysis of the Relationship Between Socioeconomic Status and Psychological Well-Being in Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.58812/ceebpe36Keywords:
Socioeconomic status, psychological well-being, Life satisfaction, Indonesia, Mental health.Abstract
This study aims to empirically analyze the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and psychological well-being in Indonesia. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected from 70 respondents via a Likert scale-based questionnaire. The study measured socioeconomic factors such as income, education, and employment, and their association with psychological well-being indicators including life satisfaction, emotional balance, and personal growth. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26, including descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Results indicated a significant positive relationship between SES and psychological well-being, with income, education, and employment all showing positive associations with life satisfaction, emotional balance, and personal growth. The findings suggest that individuals with higher socioeconomic status experience better mental health outcomes, highlighting the importance of addressing socioeconomic disparities to enhance psychological well-being in Indonesia.
Downloads
References
N. Wood et al., “Childhood socioeconomic position and adult mental wellbeing: Evidence from four British birth cohort studies,” PLoS One, vol. 12, no. 10, p. e0185798, 2017.
T. P. Nugrahanti and A. S. Jahja, “Audit judgment performance: The effect of performance incentives, obedience pressures and ethical perceptions,” Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 225–234, 2018.
J. Roberts, A. Donkin, and M. Marmot, “Opportunities for reducing socioeconomic inequalities in the mental health of children and young people–reducing adversity and increasing resilience,” J Public Ment Health, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 4–18, 2016.
H. Ashari, T. P. Nugrahanti, and B. J. Santoso, “The role of microfinance institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic,” Global Business and Economics Review, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 210–233, 2024.
E. P. Munsell, R. P. Kilmer, T. Vishnevsky, J. R. Cook, and L. M. Markley, “Practical disadvantage, socioeconomic status, and psychological well-being within families of children with severe emotional disturbance,” J Child Fam Stud, vol. 25, pp. 2832–2842, 2016.
H. Ashari and T. P. Nugrahanti, “Household economy challenges in fulfilling life needs during the Covid-19 pandemic,” Global Business and Economics Review, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 21–39, 2021.
D. Montano, “Socioeconomic status, well-being and mortality: a comprehensive life course analysis of panel data, Germany, 1984-2016,” Archives of Public Health, vol. 79, pp. 1–15, 2021.
I. Agustina, H. Khuan, B. Aditi, S. A. Sitorus, and T. P. Nugrahanti, “Renewable energy mix enhancement: the power of foreign investment and green policies,” International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 370–380, 2023.
R. M. Sapolsky, “The health-wealth gap,” Sci Am, vol. 319, no. 5, pp. 62–67, 2018.
T. P. Nugrahanti and A. S. Pratiwi, “The Remote Auditing and Information Technology,” Journal of Accounting and Business Education, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 15–39, 2023.
J. Friedman and D. Thomas, “Psychological health before, during, and after an economic crisis: Results from Indonesia, 1993–2000,” The World Bank Economic Review, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 57–76, 2009.
E. Ng, C. Muntaner, H. Chung, and W. W. Eaton, “Socioeconomic Status and Mental Illness,” 2014.
F. D. Purba and T. S. Fitriana, “Sociodemographic determinants of self-reporting mental health problems in Indonesian urban population,” Psychological Research on Urban Society, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 59–64, 2019.
B. Utomo, P. K. Sucahya, and F. R. Utami, “Priorities and realities: addressing the rich-poor gaps in health status and service access in Indonesia,” International Journal for Equity in Health, vol. 10, pp. 1–14, 2011.
D. Fone, G. Greene, D. Farewell, J. White, M. Kelly, and F. Dunstan, “Common mental disorders, neighbourhood income inequality and income deprivation: small-area multilevel analysis,” The British Journal of Psychiatry, vol. 202, no. 4, pp. 286–293, 2013.
S. Zhou, L. Gao, F. Liu, W. Tian, Y. Jin, and Z. Zheng, “Socioeconomic status and depressive symptoms in older people with the mediation role of social support: A population‐based longitudinal study,” International journal of methods in psychiatric research, vol. 30, no. 4, p. e1894, 2021.
D. Hodgetts, O. E. E. Stolte, and M. Rua, “Psychological practice, social determinants of health and the promotion of human flourishing,” 2016.
B. Lopes, C. Kamau, and R. Jaspal, “The roles of socioeconomic status, occupational health and job rank on the epidemiology of different psychiatric symptoms in a sample of UK workers,” Community mental health journal, vol. 55, no. 2, pp. 336–349, 2019.
P. Eisele, “Languishing but not giving up: Suggesting a surrender-struggle continuum as the missing piece of the mental health puzzle,” Journal of Mental Health & Clinical Psychology, vol. 4, no. 3, 2020.
M. Shakarami, R. Davarniya, K. Zahrakar, and A. Hosseini, “The predictive role of psychological capital, psychological hardiness and spiritual intelligence in students’ psychological well-being,” Journal of Research and Health, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 935–943, 2014.
N. Soldevila-Domenech et al., “Mental well-being of the general population: direct and indirect effects of socioeconomic, relational and health factors,” Quality of Life Research, vol. 30, pp. 2171–2185, 2021.
C. R. V. García-Viniegras, “El bienestar psicológico: Dimensión subjetiva de la calidad de vida,” Revista electrónica de psicología Iztacala, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 1–20, 2005.
R. M. Ryan and A. R. Sapp, “Basic psychological needs: a self-determination theory perspective on the promotion of wellness across development and cultures,” Wellbeing in developing countries: From theory to research, pp. 71–92, 2007.
M. Simanjuntak, I. Muflikhati, L. N. Yuliati, and I. R. Johan, “The Coping Strategy and Subjective Well-Being of Indonesian Families amid the COVID-19 Pandemic.,” Journal of Family Sciences, vol. 9, no. 1, 2024.
N. K. Fauk, A. L. Seran, P. Aylward, L. Mwanri, and P. R. Ward, “Parental Migration and the Social and Mental Well-Being Challenges among Indonesian Left-Behind Children: A Qualitative Study,” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 21, no. 6, p. 793, 2024.
T. S. Pratiwi, “Kesehatan Mental Perempuan dan Sinergitas Kebijakan Kesehatan Mental di Indonesia Terhadap Norma Internasional,” Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 66–86, 2024.
M. Alfaqeeh, S. D. Alfian, and R. Abdulah, “Sociodemographic Factors, Health-Risk Behaviors, and Chronic Conditions Are Associated with a High Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms: Findings from the Indonesian Family Life Survey-5,” Behavioral Medicine, pp. 1–11, 2024.
M. Huang, “Economic Inequality: Impacts on Mental Health and Social Structures,” Lecture Notes in Education Psychology and Public Media, 2024.
S. Gunamany, “Explaining social determinants of health from a political economy of health and ecosocial perspective,” International Journal of Scientific Reports, 2022.
J. A. J. Dierx and H. D. P. Kasper, “The magnitude and importance of perceived health dimensions define effective tailor-made health-promoting interventions per targeted socioeconomic group,” Frontiers in Public Health, vol. 10, p. 849013, 2022.
S. G. Zuniga, “The Impact of Socioeconomic Status on Attachment Security and Psychological Well-Being,”
D. Jester et al., “SOCIAL DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH UNDERLIE RACIAL/ETHNIC DISPARITIES IN PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH AND WELL-BEING,” Innovation in Aging, vol. 6, no. Supplement_1, pp. 506–507, 2022.
J. Cantos-Egea, J. Tous-Pallarés, and J.-M. Tierno-García, “Model of psychosocial determinants of health in processes of social exclusion,” Frontiers in Public Health, vol. 11, p. 1156569, 2023.
M. A. K. Harahap, I. Arisanti, R. Hartono, and Y. D. Erliana, “Exploring the Impact of Socioeconomic Status and Environmental Characteristics on Child and Adolescent Mental Health in Disadvantaged Urban Communities in West Java,” West Science Interdisciplinary Studies, vol. 1, no. 10, pp. 968–976, 2023.
M. Zaneva, T. Dumbalska, A. Reeves, and L. Bowes, “What do we mean when we talk about socioeconomic status (SES)? Implications for measurement, mechanisms, and interventions from a critical review of the literature on child and adolescent mental health.,” 2023.
R. Y. Hong, X. P. Ding, K. M. Y. Chan, and W. J. Yeung, “The influence of socio‐economic status on child temperament and psychological symptom profiles,” British Journal of Psychology, 2024.
F. Mehravar, A. R. Foroushani, M. A. Vakili, and S. Nedjat, “Subjective Social Status (SSS) as an Important Mediator in the Association between Socioeconomic Status (SES) and Mental Health,” 2021.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Loso Judijanto, Aria Mulyapradana (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Facebook 
Instagram 
Twitter 
Youtube 
+62 822 2101 3235
northpressmail@gmail.com